What Lies Behind the Iron Curtain of Tallinn? – Secrets of the Soviets in Tallinn

Tallinn, the capital of Estonia, has a mysterious and storied heritage — during World War II and beyond, it lived under the rule of the Soviet Union for over 50 years. Since its liberation in 1991, many of the secrets of the Iron Curtain have been revealed. This guide to the secrets of Soviet-era Tallinn will explore the mysteries behind its period of near-total isolation from the rest of the world.

History of Soviet Occupation

Tallinn, the largest city in Estonia, was taken by the Soviet Union during World War II in 1940 and remained under the rule of Moscow until its independence in 1991, a period known as the ‘Era of Silence.’ During this time, Estonia experienced decades of total suppression, with nearly all aspects of political, economic, and cultural life heavily monitored and censored.

The occupation began shortly after the Nazi invasion in 1940 when Estonia was incorporated into the Soviet Union after signing the Soviet–Estonian Mutual Assistance Treaty. In 1945, Tallinn was declared a Free City by Stalin, meaning that it was declared off-limits by the rest of world. The city could no longer trade with other states and only under special circumstances were foreign vessels allowed to enter its port. Many Estonian people were forced to leave their homes in order to start a new life abroad; some to Sweden and Denmark, and others to the United States.

Legacy of Soviet Occupation

The era of Soviet occupation left an indelible mark on Tallinn and its people. The former Soviet buildings and monuments that still stand today serve as reminders of the era, their stark brutalist architecture a reflection of Estonia’s isolation from the rest of Europe.

At many locations around Tallinn, it’s still possible to feel a sense of the Cold War-era, such as Lenin Square and Patarei Prison (the former KGB prison). Other Soviet sites that still remain include: The Russian Orthodox Alexander Nevsky Cathedral; house museums such as Maarjamae Palace; and various WWII memorials around the city.

One of the more popular sites amongst tourists is the TV Tower, which was constructed in 1980 and stands tall over Tallinn at 314 meters. The tower offers panoramic views across the city and visitors can take an elevator to the top for an exclusive look at the Tallinn skyline. Another important landmark is Russalka Monument, a memorial dedicated to Russian sailors who lost their lives in naval battles during the19th century.

Culture and Religion under Soviet Rule

Under Soviet rule, Estonia developed its own unique culture merging folk traditions with Soviet-style modernity; a legacy that can still be felt today. Folk music and traditional Russian dance have been preserved through generations and are still witnessed at weddings and festivals. Similarly, traditional patriotic songs have been used to express patriotism for Estonia’s independence throughout history.

During the Soviet era, religion took on a strong political meaning. Religious services were heavily monitored by authorities but most religions (with exception of Eastern Orthodox) were tolerated and new churches were built in 1981. The most notable religious monument is The Russalka Memorial that stands on Tallinn’s seaside bluffs and is dedicated to seafaring heroes who lost their lives during battles.

Conclusion

Tallinn is a city with an incredibly unique history that was shaped by its long period of occupation during the Cold War. The city still bears reminders of this era as seen through its monuments and landmarks as well as its rich culture that is steeped in folklore and traditions from centuries past. Tallinn is an exciting destination for travelers looking for an off-the-beaten-path experience and an insight into what life was like behind the Iron Curtain of Soviet Russia. If you’re looking for a truly unique experience, be sure to check out GetYourGuide’s Behind the Iron Curtain tour, where you can discover many fascinating stories and secrets from Tallinn’s Soviet past.

What Lies Behind the Iron Curtain of Tallinn? – Secrets of the Soviets in Tallinn

Tallinn, the capital of Estonia, has a rich history of occupation, starting from the Danish to the Swedish to the German rulers. However, for almost half a century, Tallinn was under the control of the Soviet Union. This period was highly controversial, and even today, the city hides many dark secrets and mysteries from that era. If you’re visiting Tallinn, have you ever wondered what lies behind the Iron Curtain? Here are some frequently asked questions about the Soviet era in Tallinn.

1. What Was the Soviet Era in Tallinn?

The Soviet era in Tallinn lasted from 1944 to 1991. During this time, the Soviet Union established control over Estonia and other Baltic states. Tallinn was transformed into a Soviet-style city, with numerous apartment buildings, factories, and other buildings displaying the architecture and the lifestyle of that era.

2. What Was Life Like in Tallinn during the Soviet Era?

Life in Tallinn during the Soviet era was highly challenging. The Soviets imposed strict rules and regulations that markedly affected the lives of Estonia’s citizens. People had to deal with shortages of essential goods such as food, medicine, and electricity. Additionally, surveillance was quite common, and the KGB kept a watchful eye on dissidents, and people who spoke against the Soviet rule.

2.1 How Did the Soviets Influence the Architecture of Tallinn?

Soviet architecture in Tallinn echoes the Soviet’s preference for uniformity over diversity. Most of the buildings constructed during that time had standardized and minimalist designs. The buildings had a uniform look without any peculiarities, and most of them were the same color, grey. Few buildings from the Soviet era still exist in Tallinn’s Old Town.

3. Are There any Soviet-Era Monuments and Landmarks in Tallinn?

Yes, Tallinn still has some Soviet-era monuments, such as the Milda Monument, which stood in the center of the city until 2007 when it was relocated to the outskirts of Tallinn. Other monuments include the Memorial to the fallen sailors and soldiers of the Soviet Army and Navy.

4. How Did Tallinn’s Soviet Past Influence its People and Culture?

Tallinn’s Soviet past has had a profound impact on its people and culture. In the post-Soviet era, Estonians had to learn to embrace their history, and many are still coming to terms with the past. The Soviet era saw the rise of the underground creative scene in Tallinn, which included artists and writers who opposed the Soviet rule.

4.1 What is the Role of the KGB in Estonia’s History?

The KGB played a significant role in Estonia’s history, especially during the Soviet era. The KGB kept a close eye on dissenters, and many Estonians were arrested and sent to gulags in Siberia. The KGB also established a network of informants who reported on citizens who spoke out against the Soviet rule.

5. Can You Visit Soviet-Era Sites and Buildings in Tallinn Today?

Yes, you can visit some Soviet-era sites and buildings in Tallinn today. One such building is the TV Tower, which was the tallest tower in the Soviet Union. Another such building is the Olympic Center of Tallinn, which was built for the 1980 Moscow Olympics. Today, it serves as a conference center.

5.1 Are There any Soviet-Era Museums or Exhibits in Tallinn?

Yes, there are several Soviet-era museums and exhibits in Tallinn. The KGB Museum, located in the Old Town, displays the KGB’s tools and methods for espionage and spying. The Museum of Estonian Architecture also has an exhibit on Soviet-era architecture in Tallinn.

6. How Has Tallinn Changed Since the End of the Soviet Era?

Since the end of the Soviet era, Tallinn has undergone significant transformations. It has become a thriving modern city, with companies such as Skype and TransferWise based there. Tallinn has also become one of the most tech-savvy cities globally, with free WiFi in public spaces.

6.1 How Has the Relationship Between Estonia and Russia Changed?

The relationship between Estonia and Russia has changed significantly since the fall of the Soviet Union. Estonia’s membership of NATO has strengthened its ties with Western countries, while the Russian government views Estonia’s independence as a threat to its security.

7. Conclusion

In conclusion, Tallinn’s Soviet past is a significant part of the city’s history, and while the period was challenging, it is essential to acknowledge it. Tallinn has come a long way since the Soviet era and has developed into a modern and thriving city. If you plan on visiting Tallinn, the city’s Soviet past is an essential part of the city’s heritage, and you should explore it in-depth.